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加速康复外科与传统治疗在单侧全膝关节置换术中的应用效果 被引量:41

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摘要 目的探讨加速康复外科(ERAS)模式在单侧全膝关节置换术(TKA)的围手术期临床应用效果。方法回顾性分析2015年9至2016年9月98例在武警后勤学院附属医院骨科接受单侧TKA的患者资料;其中52例应用常规传统手术方案(常规组),46例应用ERAS方案(ERAS组),收集两组患者性别、年龄、体质指数、术前血红蛋白、术前疼痛视觉模拟(VAS)评分、术后显性出血量、术后24h血红蛋白、输血比例、术后VAS评分、住院时间、患者满意度、术前及术后1、6个月膝关节纽约特种外科医院(HSS)评分、术后2周、1个月、6个月膝关节活动度(ROM)、术后并发症的发生率。组间数据比较采用单因素方差分析或x。检验。结果两组术前一般资料比较差异无统计学意义,具有可比性。ERAS组术后显性出血量(224±59)ml明显低于常规组的(361±70)ml(t=4.723,P〈0.01);ERAS组术后24h血红蛋白(109±8)g/L显著高于常规组的(96±10)g/L(t=-3.297,P=0.004);ERAS组术后输血比例为6.5%(3/46)显著低于常规组的46.2%(24/52)(x2=19.207,P〈0.01);ERAS组术后12h及48hVAS评分均明显低于常规组(t=3.708、3.894,均P〈0.05);ERAS组住院时间为(6.8±1.2)d显著少于常规组的(13.1±2.6)d(t=6.924,P〈0.01);ERAS组术后1、6个月HSS评分均显著高于常规组(t=-3.677、-3.594,均P〈0.05);ERAS组术后2周及1个月ROM均显著高于常规组(t=-4.628、-4.442,均P〈0.05);ERAS组术后恶心呕吐率为13.0%(6/46)明显低于常规组的48.1%(25/52)(x2=13.852,P=0.002)。两组术后1个月VAS评分、术后6个月ROM、患者满意度差异均无统计学意义(t=0.412、-1.026,x2=3.695,均P〉0.05)。结论ERAS模式可有效改善单侧TKA患者围手术期状况,并促进患者早期康复,改善住院及手术体验,与传统手术疗效比较效果显著。
出处 《中华医学杂志》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2018年第7期519-523,共5页 National Medical Journal of China
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