选举、治理与基层社会的组织化——对上海近郊某村委会换届选举过程的观察

Election,Governance and Organization of Primary-level Society——Observation on the Electoral Process of a Village Committee in the Suburb of Shanghai

选举在中国国家政权建设中扮演着关键角色。但在一定历史时期,基层选举由于行政介入而常流于形式。尽管如此,中国基层选举依然维持了高投票率。其原因不仅在于政治效能感或者高效的选举动员,更应虑及人口结构变动导致组织化矛盾而引发的投票动机。本文通过对2012年上海近郊邢村的案例研究发现,基层选举的投票率高,并不是因为选民关心治理,而是通过投票来垄断投票权。本文的结论是,在组织化的迫切要求下,那些原本流于形式的选举,就越发引起重视,越容易出现高投票率,也越有利于上级组织意图的实现。

The election plays a key role in the construction of China＇ s state power. China＇ s primary-level elections still maintain a high rate of vote. The reason for this is that the voting motivation is caused by the organizational change contradiction from the change of the demographic structure. A case study of Xingcun Village, a suburb of Shanghai in 2012, is found in this paper to monopolize the right to vote by voting. In conclusion, under the urgent need of organization, those elections, originally in form, become very im- portant. The higher the voting rate is, the more conducive to the realization the higher organization＇ s in- tention is.