《型世言》骂詈语的语义和语用分析

Study on the Swear Words in Xing Shi Yan

主要从语义、语用角度,考察分析《型世言》中的骂詈语,并附论骂詈对象的层级关系。从语义角度可将其骂詈语分为七类:以性骂詈,以物骂詈,以死或鬼骂詈,以卑贱的社会身份地位骂詈,以败坏品行,伤风败德骂詈,以错辈乱亲骂詈,以身躯四体,五官容貌缺陷骂詈;从语用角度可将其分为三类:粗野骂语,非粗野骂语,昵骂。骂詈对象的层级关系,通过定量统计,尤其以卑贱的社会身份地位骂詈是最主要的骂詈语,并对使用的文化背景等因素进行了探讨。

Xing Shi Yan is a novel published in Chongzhen＇ s years, Ming Dynasty, which the paper takes as the research object, especially its cursing expressions. From the semantic perspective, its swear words are analyzed and from the pragmatic perspective these words are divided into three catego-ries, which will be specifically described. It can help people have a better understanding of the swear words as a linguistic phenomenon.