西藏大花黄牡丹花朵氨基酸组成和矿质元素比较分析

Amino Acids Composition and Mineral Elements Analysis of Paeonia ludlowii Flowers in Tibet

【目的】为开发西藏大花黄牡丹资源,分析其花朵的氨基酸组成与矿质元素等营养价值。【方法】以西藏米林县彩米村、扎贡沟、邦仲村和雪卡沟4个居群的花朵为材料,利用自动氨基酸分析仪对其氨基酸进行检测,通过氨基酸比值系数法对其营养价值进行评价,并测定了花中K、Ca、Mg、Mn、Zn、Fe、Cu、Se和B等9种营养元素和Cd、Pb 2种重金属元素含量。【结果】4个居群均含有17种氨基酸(含7种必需氨基酸)和上述矿质元素,氨基酸总量为94.36~128.97g/kg,扎贡沟居群的氨基酸总量显著高于其他3个居群,其K、Ca、Mg、Mn、Fe和B含量在4个居群中均处于较高含量水平。大花黄牡丹人体必需氨基酸占氨基酸总量的32.47%~35.08%,接近WHO/FAO推荐的必需氨基酸模式。药效氨基酸含量达到氨基酸总量的63.69%~65.62%,而鲜味氨基酸含量则达到氨基酸总量的27.77%~30.09%。4个居群花朵的氨基酸比值系数分(SRC)分别为67.21、67.15、66.85和66.61,第一限制氨基酸均为蛋氨酸+胱氨酸,Cd和Pb两种重金属元素也符合相关标准。【结论】大花黄牡丹花朵具有较高开发利用价值。

[ Purpose] It was aimed to develop the of resources Paeonia ludlowii and study the amino acids composition and mineral element contents in flowers. E Method ] Flowers of 4 populations （Caimi, Zhagonggou, Bangzhong and Xuekagou） were used, their amino acids were analyzed by automatic amino acid analyzer, the nutritional values were evaluated by amino acid ratio coefficient, and the con- tents of K, Ca, Mg, Mn, Zn, Fe, Cu, B, Se, Cd and Pb were determined. [ Results] Four popula-tions all contained 17 amino acids （including 7 essential amino acids） and the above mineral ele- ments. The total contents of amino acids in flower were 94. 36 - 128.97 g/kg, and total content in Zhagonggou population was significantly higher than those in other three populations （P 〈 0. 05）, and the contents of K, Ca, Mg, Mn, Fe, Cu and B were also at a higher level among 4 populations. The essential amino acids accounted for 32.47% - 35.08%, which was close to the WHO/FAO rec- ommended model. In addition, the medicinal amino acids accounted for 63.69% - 65.62%, and the umami tasty amino acids accounted for 27.77% -30. 09%. The scores of ratio coefficient in 4 popula- tions were 67.21,67.15, 66.85 and 66. 61, with methionine and cysteine were the first limiting ami- no acids. The contents of Cd and Pb corresponded to relevant standards. [ Conclusion] The flowers of P. ludlowii have higher nutrition and utilization value.