低语境交流:文学叙事交流新论

Low Contextual Communication: New Research on Narrative Communication

叙事交流研究深受索绪尔普通语言学影响,把叙事交流当做日常交际来看待,做共时研究,忽视了时间和语境在叙事交流中的作用。回归叙事交流作为书面交流的属性,可以发现叙事交流具有延时性、单向性和语境的差异性三个重要特征,这三者又可以归结为叙事交流的低语境性。叙事文本在交流中具有符码和"语境"双重属性,能在相当程度上弥补叙事交流整体上的低语境性;作者在叙事交流中是弱信息源;隐含作者可能是读者的建构,也可能包含作者的文化镜像于其中;读者是这一切的汇聚点。低语境带来叙事交流的丰富性。

According to previous narrative research, narrative communication is regarded as daily communication, so the timing and context of narrative communication are both neglected. Considering the practical reality of narrative communication, we may find that it has three important features such as diachrony, unidirectivity and contextual differences which result in low context of narrative communication. During the low contextual communication, the text is both code and ＇context＇, the author is a weak information source, and the implied author may be the reader＇s construct, or may contain the author＇s cultural mirror image in it. The reader brings everything above together. Low context leads to various narrative communications.