历史的言说:黑人家族谱系的创伤记忆与再现

Speaking the Histories: Traumatic Memory and the Representation of African American Familial Past

《考瑞基多拉》、《双翼掩面》和《昌奈斯维尔事件》等三部当代美国非裔小说书写了三个受家族创伤记忆困扰的当代非裔美国个体。作者们打破线性历史叙事,还原了非连续性、碎片化的历史本真状态,外化了创伤的表现形式,使不可言说的创伤体验变得易于理解,深刻揭示了黑人家族谱系的历史记忆给后代带来的深远影响。面对创伤的再现危机,以厄莎、纳撒尼尔、约翰三位主人公为代表的创伤承载群体通过重审历史和自我之联系,对家族谱系的创伤记忆进行重构,最终完成了创伤的言说。

Corregidora （1975）, Two Wings to Veil My Face （1983）, and The Chaneysville Incident （1981） are novels written by different authors, each presenting an African American person in contemporary American society haunted by traumatic memory of the family. In these texts, the narrative structures are deliberately broken up by the authors to restore the discontinuous and fragmented status of history, making the intangible traumatic experience comprehensible. In this way, the texts reveal the significant effects of the traumatic past of African American families on successive generations. Faced by the crisis of representation, the carrier group represented by Ursa, Nathaniel and John, reconstructs the traumatic memory in familial history via rethinking of their relation to the history, eventually realizing the representation of trauma.