全球创新指数视角下的创新能力国际比较研究

An International Comparative Analysis of Innovation Ability from the Perspective of Global Innovation Index

创新在国际竞争中发挥着愈发关键的作用,面对国家(地区)间创新能力不断分化的现状,研究其差异形成的主要影响因素显得尤为重要。本研究基于《2016年全球创新指数报告》,提取128个经济体指标数据,通过因子分析与聚类分析,尝试发掘影响国家创新能力的关键因素,并将中国的具体情况与国际水平进行对比,揭示中国创新型国家建设的现状特征及其优势。结果发现:"知识吸收"要素对国家创新能力的影响最大;中国目前处于创新追随型阶段,属于全球创新的第二阵营;政治环境、监管环境、商业环境和高等教育成为中国创新型国家建设的重要束缚因素。

Innovation plays an increasingly crucial role in international competition, it is necessary to study the main fators that causing innovation abilities continuous differentiation among countries （regions）. Based on the ＂Global Innovation Index Report 2016＂, the indicators data of 128 economies is extracted, the paper tries to uncover the key factors affecting national innovation capacity through factor analysis and cluster analysis, then the innovation situation of China is compared with the international level to reveal the characteristics and advantages of China＇s innovative construction.The results shows that ＂knowledge absorption＂ has the greatest impact on national innovation capacity; China is now in the following stage of innovation country, which belongs to the second camp of global innovation; political environment, regulatory environment, business environment and higher education have become primary constraints for China＇s construction of innovation country.