确立反假冒为商标保护的第二支柱——《反不正当竞争法》第6条之目的解析

Passing-off System: Another Important Support for Trademark Protection—— An Interpretation of the Purpose of Article 6 of Anti-Unfair Competition Law

我国商标保护采用了注册授权制。由于对此制度的片面强调,实践中出现了不正当竞争行为经常性得不到禁止的严重问题。我国应该建立与英美法中的"反假冒"制度类似的制度,并将之与注册授权制度作为商标保护的两大同等重要的基础。如此,既使得企业能够保有注册获得明确专有权的优势,又能够通过反假冒制度消除市场上的不正当竞争。我国《反不正当竞争法》中已有类似制度,即第6条的"反仿冒"制度,但我们需要从理念上提升该条在整个商标制度中的地位,同时打通与英美法中"反假冒"制度的联系,以使得此条的讨论研究能够与国际上的"反假冒"制度研究相互交流和借鉴。

Chinese Trademark Law adopts the registration system. Due to the overemphasis of the system, often time the unfair competition behaviors are not effectively stopped in practices. The passing-off system as existing in the common law system is an appropriate way to address the problem, which, together with the registration system, can be made two important pillars for trademark protection. On the one hand, the registration system grants industries explicit exclusive rights; on the other hand, the passing-off system can eliminate the unfair competition in the market. Article 6 in Chinese Anti-Unfair Competition Law resembles the passing-off system, however, its signifcance to the Chinese trademark system as a whole should be given more attention. Meanwhile, efforts should be made to harmonize article 6 with the passing-off system in the common law system, whereby international comparative studies and communication can be carried out in this regard.