外界磁场改善电火花线切割加工性能研究

Exploring Machining Processability in Magnetic Assisted Wire Electrical Discharge Machining

本文旨在进一步提高电火花线切割的材料去除率、表面精度和形位精度,提出外界磁场辅助方法来改善电火花线切割加工的加工性能,并对该方法进行理论和实验分析。首先,理论分析了外界磁场辅助下放电通道内的单个粒子运动轨迹,运动轨迹方程表明,外界磁场能够有效地促进蚀除残渣的排出。其次,采用不同吸力的磁力表座作为磁场源,通过COMSOL仿真软件数值计算得到加工区域的磁感应强度分布;最后,从实验角度出发,分别分析了外界辅助磁场对于不同加工参数情况下的加工速度、表面粗糙度和切缝宽度的影响规律。实验结果表明,增加辅助磁场能够有效提高电火花线切割的加工性能;此外,磁感应强度与加工参数存在最佳组合关系。本次研究提出的磁场辅助加工方法和加工规律可以为实际加工提供重要的指导价值。

This paper aims to further improve the machining processability of wire electrical discharge machining（ WEDM）,and a magnetic-assisted method is proposed to improve its processing performance. Firstly,the trajectory of charged particles in discharge channel under external magnetic field is theoretically analyzed,and the movement path equation of the charged particles shows that the external magnetic field can significantly enhance charged particles to be expelled. Secondly,the magnetic pedestals of varied intensities are used as magnetic field source,and the strength of magnetic field distribution in a machining region is calculated by COMSOL simulation software. Then,the influence law of external magnetic field on the processability of different parameters is obtained with experiments. The experimental results indicate that the external magnetic field can effectively improve the processability of WEDM. Besides,there is an optimal relationship between magnetic field intensity and machining parameters. The influence law of the magnetic assisted method can provide significant reference value for practical machining process.