气管、支气管异物的临床诊治分析

Clinical analysis about tracheobronchial foreign body

目的探讨气管、支气管异物的临床诊断、治疗方法,提高诊治率。方法回顾性分析149例气管、支气管异物患者的临床资料,分析患者的年龄、性别、病史、异物部位、异物种类、诊断、治疗等。结果确诊为气管、支气管异物者143例,2例自行咳出,余141例行硬质支气管镜或纤支镜手术探查,成功取出138例(占97.9%),术后均痊愈。3例未能取出,转院治疗。结论异物吸入史、肺部听诊、胸部CT加三维重建检查是诊断气管、支气管异物的有效方法,行纤支镜或支气管镜检查可进一步确诊。及时诊断,尽早取出异物是避免气管、支气管异物出现严重并发症的关键。

Objective To investigate tracheobronchial foreign bodies and to improve the diagnosis and treatment.Methods A retrospective study was conducted on 149 cases with suspected tracheobronchial foreign bodies from affiliated hospital of Guangdong medical university.Each patient was analyzed for age,sex,history,location and the kind of the foreign body,diagnosis,treatment and so on.Results Among the 143 cases,2 cases coughed out the foreign bodies before operation,and the rest cases were all given operation,with successful removal of foreign bodies in 138 cases(97.9%).3 patients failed to be operated and transferred to the superior hospital.Conclusion For the diagnosis of tracheobronchial foreign bodies,it is very important to collect the detailed history of foreign body inhalation,physical examination and chest plus 3 dimensional reconstruction of chest.And it can be conformed by the fiber bronchoscope or the Rigid bronchoscope.The key to avoid the serious complication is to diagnosis in time and remove the foreign bodies as early as possible.