学龄前儿童血尿酸水平及其与代谢性指标关系

Serum uric acid level and its association with metabolic indicators among preschool children

目的了解天津市学龄前儿童血尿酸(SUA)水平,分析其升高的影响因素,探求SUA与体质指数(BMI)、血糖(FPG)、血脂的关系。方法采用随机抽样方法,于2015年3—6月在天津市市区26所幼儿园对4 073名3~6岁儿童进行健康体检,收集基本信息,测量身高、体重,检测空腹SUA、FPG、总胆固醇(TC)和甘油三酯(TG),分析SUA水平与肥胖、FPG、血脂的关系。结果 SUA平均水平为(243.02±53.25)μmol/L,其中SUA>310μmol/L占10.14%;男童SUA水平为(247.26±53.68)μmol/L,高于女童的(238.33±52.37)μmol/L(P<0.001)。肥胖组和超重组儿童SUA、FPG、TG水平均高于正常体重组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。全人群线性回归分析结果显示,在调整了年龄和性别后,SUA与BMI和TG均呈正相关(均P<0.05),BMI每增加1 kg/m2,SUA增加4.092μmol/L。亚组线性回归结果显示,只有在肥胖组儿童中,SUA与FPG和TG均呈正相关(均P<0.05),FPG和TG每升高1 mmol/L,SUA分别增加15.932和13.809μmol/L。结论天津市区3~6岁学龄前儿童群体中SUA异常率较高,且SUA水平与BMI、FPG和TG密切相关;尤其是肥胖儿童,SUA水平与FPG、TG水平的关联更强。

Objective To explore serum uric acid （SUA） level, its potential influencing factors, and its association with body mass index （BMI）, serum glucose and lipids among preschool children in Tianjin city.Methods A total of 4 073 children aged 3-6 years were selected from 26 kindergartens in urban Tianjin, China with cluster sampling for a cross-sectional survey from March to June 2015. Height, weight, fasting plasma glucose （FPG）, total cholesterol （TC）, triglycerides （TG）, and SUA were measured.Results The mean SUA level was 243.02 μmol/L （standard deviation [SD]：53.25 μmol/L） for all the children and the proportion of the children with the SUA of higher than 310 μmol/L was 10.14% . The mean SUA was significantly higher among the small boys than among the small girls （247.26 μmol/L [SD：53.68 μmol/L]vs. 238.33 μmol/L[SD：52.37 μmol/L]） （P 〈 0.001）. The mean SUA, FPG, and TG were significantly higher among the overweight or obese children than among those with normal body weight （P 〈 0.05 for all）. The results of linear regression showed that the SUA was significantly associated positively with BMI and TG after adjusting for age and gender （both P 〈 0.05）, with an increased BMI of 1 kg/m2 for the increased SUA of 4.092 μmol/L. The linear regression analyses on data of subgroups revealed significantly positive associations of SUA with FPG and TG only among obese children （both P 〈 0.05）, with the increased FPG of 15.932 μmol/L and TG of 13.809 μmol/L for one mmol/L increment of SUA.Conclusion The prevalence of hyperuricemia among urban Tianjin children aged 3-6 years was relatively high. BMI, FG, and TG levels are associated with higher SUA levels among the children, especially in the obese children.