超声心动图评价心脏瓣膜病患者心功能与心肌受损的研究进展

Progresses of echocardiography in evaluating cardiac function and impaired myocardium in patients with valvular heart disease

心脏瓣膜病由于心腔内血流动力学异常,可导致心功能减低和心肌受损,而心功能减低和心肌受损的程度决定瓣膜病患者的预后,因此术前评估心功能十分重要。应用超声心动图技术在明确诊断心脏瓣膜病变的同时,可以准确评估心功能及心肌受损程度,选择恰当的治疗时机和方案,对患者预后和生存质量的改善极其重要。近年来随着超声技术的发展,超声心动图可获得心脏运动功能相对准确的定量数据,对早期诊断瓣膜病患者心肌受损及手术风险分层具有重要的临床应用价值。本文就超声心动图评价心脏瓣膜病患者心功能与心肌受损的研究进展进行综述。

Valvular heart disease（VHD）can cause chronic cardiac dysfunction and impaired myocardium due to the abnormalities of intracardiac hemodynamics,therefore it is important to evaluate the cardiac function of patients with VHD before cardiac surgery for the determination of surgical benefit and risk.With clear diagnosis of the diseased valve by echocardiography,the accurate assessment of cardiac function and impaired myocardial motion would be also crucial for the selection and timing of cardiac surgery.With the development of ultrasonic technology,echocardiography can obtain data for accurate and quantitative diagnosis by evaluation of cardiac mechanics,especially speckle tracking echocardiography,which has clinical value for early diagnosis of impaired myocardium and surgical risk stratification of VHD.In this article,we reviews the progresses of echocardiography in evaluating cardiac function and impaired myocardium in VHD patients.