天德王道:论刘古愚《大学古义》的诠释特点

Supernal Virtue and Ultimate Truth of Governance:On the Interpretation Characteristics of Liu Guyu's Book The Ancient Meaning of the Great Learning

刘古愚是清末关学的代表性人物,提出了儒家经典《大学》是"天德王道"之学的命题,主张将《大学》升入《仪礼》,不同于宋明理学家的"《四书》之《大学》",也异于清代以《礼记》解《大学》的学者,反映出今文经学家以《大学》为政治哲学纲领,开掘《大学》微言大义的努力。刘古愚对《大学》"天德王道"的概括在历代《大学》诠释文献中,是对《大学》性质与内容比较精当的论述,十分契合《大学》作为伦理政治纲领出现的历史背景和思想传统,在众多《大学》诠释文本中独树一帜,值得关注。

Liu Guyu was the representative figure of the late Qing Dynasty in terms of Guanxue, who put forward the Confucian classic ＂The Great Learning＂ is the proposition of ＂supernal virtue and ultimate truth of governance＂ and advocated to upgrade The Great Learning into Ritual of Courtesy. Different from the neo-Confucianists＇ The Great Learning, and also different from the scholars who expounded The Great Learning with Ritual of Courtesy, it reflected The Great Learning as the guiding principle of political philosophy in today＇ s classics experts and also the effort to dig the sublime meaning of lowly words from The Great Learning. Liu Guyu＇ s summary of ＂supernal virtue and ultimate truth of governance＂ in The Great Learning interpretation literature is a comparatively elaborate account of the nature and content of The Great Learning, and is quite fit for the historical background and ideological tradition when The Great Learning serves as ethical political guideline. Among multiple interpretations of the text of The Great Learning, it is worth paying attention to as an independent school.