超声波传感器技术浅析

The Composition of Ultrasonic Sensor and Its Application in Production

超声波传感器是利用超声波的特性研制而成的传感器。超声波是一种振动频率高于声波的机械波,由换能晶片在电压的激励下发生振动产生的,它具有频率高、波长短、绕射现象小,特别是方向性好、能够成为射线而定向传播等特点。超声波对液体、固体的穿透本领很大,尤其是在阳光不透明的固体中,它可穿透几十米的深度。超声波碰到杂质或分界面会产生显著反射形成反射成回波,碰到活动物体能产生多普勒效应。基于超声波特性研制的传感器称为"超声波传感器",广泛应用在工业、国防、生物医学等方面。

Ultrasonic sensor is a sensor developed by the characteristic of ultrasonic. Ultrasound is a kind of mechanical wave of vibration frequency is higher than the sound wave, can by changing the chip to vibration happens under the excitation of voltage, it has a higher frequency, shorter wavelengths, small diffraction phenomenon, especially good directivity, can become rays and directional transmission, etc. Ultrasound is very capable of penetrating fluids and solids, especially in the opaque solid, which can penetrate dozens of meters deep. The ultrasonic wave encounters the impurities or the boundary surface produces a significant reflection forming reflection into the echo, touching the moving object can produce doppler effect. The sensor based on ultrasonic characteristics is called ＂ultrasonic sensor＂, which is widely used in industry, national defense and biomedicine.