黄褐斑的研究进展

Research progress of melasma

黄褐斑多发于育龄期妇女,是一种损容性疾病。黄褐斑的发病相关因素中包括内分泌因素、日晒、精神因素、自由基、微生态等,众多学者在这些方面已达成了共识。治疗外用药包括维生素C、氢醌、熊果苷、果酸、壬二酸、烟酰胺,以及艾洛松、氢醌霜、维A酸乳膏三联疗法等。口服用药包括氨甲环酸、羟基白藜芦醇、茶多酚等。古代医家对黄褐斑的病因也有大量阐述,并进行了辨证论治。光学疗法包括强脉冲光、Q开关Nd:YAG激光、点阵激光及像素激光。近年来光学手段发展迅速,为广大患者提供了更多治疗手段。本文就该病的病因、发病机理、治疗进展作一综述。

Melasma is prevalent in women of childbearing age,which is damage to the appearance. The related factors of melasma include endocrine factors,solarization,mental factors,free radicals,micro ecology and so on,many scholars have reached a consensus in these areas. Topical drugs include vitamin C,hydroquinone,arbutin,tartaric acid,azelaic acid,nicotinamide,and triple therapy of Eloson,hydroquinone cream and vitamin A cream. Oral drugs including tranexamic acid,hydroxy resveratrol,polyphenols and so on. Ancient physicians have also expounded the causes of melasma,and carried out the treatment based on syndrome differentiation. Optical therapy,including intense pulsed light,Q switching Nd：YAG laser,dot matrix laser and pixel laser,has developed rapidly in recent years,providing more treatment for the vast number of patients. In this paper,the etiology,pathogenesis and treatment progress of the disease are reviewed.