基于表型性状不同甜瓜品种的亲缘关系分析

Phylogenetic relationship analysis of different melon varieties based on phenotypic traits

以35份甜瓜种质为材料,采用变异系数统计分析、相关性分析和聚类分析的方法,对甜瓜生长发育过程中的数量性状和质量性状进行观测和统计分析。变异系数统计分析结果表明:甜瓜生长发育过程中性状的变异较为丰富,前期(苗期)数量性状的变异比质量性状的变异明显,后期(结果前期)质量性状的变异比数量性状的变异明显。质量性状变异的幅度为14.44%-62.43%,其中叶脉颜色的变异系数最大,为62.43%,子叶颜色的变异系数最小,为14.44%;数量性状变异的幅度为14.95%-49.30%,其中下胚轴高度的变异系数最大,为49.30%,叶片长度的变异系数最小,为14.95%。聚类分析结果表明:当欧式距离为25时,可将35份甜瓜种质分为两大类,当欧式距离为24附近时,第Ⅰ类又可分为2个亚类。相关性分析结果表明:下胚轴粗度与下胚轴高度呈显著负相关,下胚轴高度与子叶长度、子叶宽度呈极显著正相关,叶片长度与叶片宽度呈极显著正相关,叶柄长度与叶柄粗度和叶片姿态呈显著正相关,子叶长度及宽度与子叶颜色和叶片形状呈显著负相关。

Taking 35 melon germplasm as materials, the quantitative traits and quality traits in melon growth and development were observed, measured and statistically analyzed by means of statistical analysis of variation coefficient, correlation analysis and cluster analysis. The results of statistical analysis of variation coefficient showed that during the growth and development of muskmelon, the variation of traits was more abundant. The variation of quantitative traits in early stage（seedling stage） was more obvious than that in quality traits; The variation of quality traits in late stage（early stage of fruiting） was more obvious than that in quantitative traits.The variation range of quality traits was 14. 44% —62.43%,and the variation coefficient of vein color was the largest,which was 62.43%,and the variation coefficient of cotyledon color was the least, which was 14. 44%.The variation range of quantitative traits was 14. 95% —49. 30%, and the variation coefficient of hypocotyls height was the largest,which was 49. 30%,and the variation coefficient of leaf length was the least,which was14. 95%. The results of cluster analysis showed that when the Euclidean distance is 25,35 muskmelon germplasm could be divided into two categories. When the Euclidean distance is near 24, class I could be divided into 2 subclasses. The results of correlation analysis showed that the hypocotyls thickness and hypocotyl height was negatively correlated, the hypocotyl height was significantly positively correlated with the width and height of cotyledon, the leaf length and leaf width was significantly positive correlated, the petiole length and thickness were positively correlated with the leaf orientation, the length and width of cotyledon were negatively correlated with the color of cotyledon and the shape of leaves.