都市农业发展地区农民收入结构演变规律及其启示——基于上海、北京、广州2005-2014年数据比较

The evolution of farmers' incomes structure in developing urban agricultural areas and its enlightenment:data comparison of Shanghai,Beijing and Guangzhou between 2005-2014

为了解近年来都市农业发展地区农民收入结构变化情况,并为相关部门的政策研究提供科学依据,以北京、上海、广州为代表,对2005-2014年都市农业发展地区的农民收入结构演变规律及特点进行了分析。结果表明,转移性和财产性收入是目前农民收入的第二大来源,且其增速逐年上升,未来可能取代工资性收入成为农民收入的主力;家庭经营性收入占农民纯收入的比重降幅收窄,今后可能成为增加农民纯收入的重要途径。各都市农业发展地区的不同点是:北京受经济发展速度和相关农业政策措施的影响,工资性、转移性和财产性收人增长较快;上海因工资性收入增长减速,农民纯收入增速总体明显减缓;广州因农业生产总值较大,农民家庭经营性收入所占比重明显高于北京和上海,但2014年受房地产调控政策影响,转移性和财产性收入变动较大。

In order to grasp the changes of farmers＇ incomes structure in developing urban agricultural areas in recent years and provide the scientific basis for related departments ＇ policy research,the paper took Beijing,Shanghai and Guangzhou as representatives and analyzed the variation and characteristics of farmers＇ incomes structure in 2005—2014. The results showed that the transfer earnings and property income were the second largest source of the farmers＇ incomes, and with their growth rates rising year by year, they could replace wage income and become the farmers＇ primary income in future; The proportion of family-run business income to farmers ＇ net income declined in decreasing amplitude, and the family-run business income could be an important way to the farmers＇ net income growth. The differences in those areas were that Beijing City＇ s farmers had a greater growth in wage, transfer and property incomes due to the influences of economic developing speed and related agricultural policies,Shanghai City＇s farmers obviously slowed down in net income growth due to a slower wage income growth,and Guangzhou City＇s farmers had a clearly greater ratio of family-run business income in net income since the total agricultural output value was relatively large though the transfer earnings and property income had a large variation due to the change of real estate policy in 2014.