826例合成毒品患者临床特点及随访研究

The clinical characteristics and outcome of 826 cases of voluntary detoxification patients—a follow-up study

目的:收集近一年半内出院的826例合成毒品患者的临床特点并进行随访研究。方法:自编"自愿戒毒病人临床资料及随访研究调查表"。收集患者的病历资料并对之进行随访研究。邀请中南大学湘雅二院精卫所郝伟教授成员对本组随访成功的病例按5%随机抽取进行面访,以了解本组调查结果的可信度。并将未复吸者与复吸组相关情况进行比较。结果:本组随访成功者826例,临床上以男性、无固定职业者多见,滥用苯丙胺类者为主,共683例(82.69%),平均住院时间44.88±18.28天;临床治愈率68.64%(567/826);操守率76.27%(630/862);保持操守时间平均达(15.09±7.92)月。感知觉障碍、精神状态异常、吸烟时间长、吸毒时间长、收入低、操守时间短者复吸组均多于操守组,而高中文化以上,有工作者复吸率低,有统计学差异。湘雅二院面访资料结果与本院调查结果基本一致。结论:本组随访成功率高,可信度好;操守率高、操守时间长;吸烟时间长、吸毒时间长、收入低、操守时间短者复吸高,文化程度高者复吸低。

Objective：To summarize the clinical characteristics and outcomes of 826 cases of voluntary detoxification patients discharged from Kangda voluntary detoxification center in last 18 months. Methods：Using self made questionnaire,we collected patients＇ demographic data,detail medical records,social functions and tracked their outcomes including personal integrity,social functions,mental status and the reasons for relapse. About 5% of all the patients were selected randomly and interviewed face to face by professor Hao Wei＇s team from Mental Health Institute of Second Xiangya Hospital,Central South University to check the consistency of the results. Groups of relapse and non-relapse were compared. Results：826 cases were followed up succeed. Most of the patients were male,none permanent occupation,and amphetamine abusers（683 cases,82.69%）. The average hospitalize day were 44.47±18.28 days,clinical cure rate was 68.64%（567/826）,abstinence rate was 76.27%（630/826）,and the average abstinence time was 15.09±7.92 months. There were more abnormal perception,more mental symptom,longer smoking time,longer using drug time,lower income and shorter abstinent time in relapse group. The patients who with education above senior middle school or employed had a lower rate of relapse. The results of face to face interview were highly consistent with our results. Conclusion：The results showed a high rate of followed up,consistency and abstinence,long abstinence time. Longer smoking and drug abuse time,low income,short abstinence time showed a high rate of relapse,high education showed a low rate of relapse.