转型期中国港口可持续竞争力实证研究——基于Malmquist-DEA动态效率模型

The Empirical Research of China Ports Sustainable Competiveness in the Transition Period——Based on Malmquist DEA Model for Dynamic Efficiency

2009年世界经济危机后,港口企业面临着宏观经济增长钝化、进出口不景气等导致的海上货运量增速降低、海运行业舱位供大于求、港口设施闲置等经营效率低下问题。另外,随着港口物流活动和海洋生态环境系统资源间矛盾的深化,港口经济活动也越来越受到海洋环境的制约,港口安全也面临着严重的环境威胁,这些都影响到了港口竞争力的持续,港口企业也开始探索环境承载能力的发展战略。为解决这一问题,依据可持续港口竞争力的理论,从动态的观点出发,利用动态效率—曼姆奎斯特生产率指数评价某时间段中国七大集装箱港口企业可持续竞争力的变化,并针对这些变化明确转型期中国港口为维持可持续竞争力需要应对的经营方式转换和战略调整方向。

This article inspectigated the world economic crisis from 2009, facing the macro economic growth inactivation, such as importand export recession, marine freight volume growth slowed, the shipping space industry oversupply, port facilities idle and so on etc, theport company is having a problem of low management efficiency , thus the theory of sustainable port competitiveness is put forward.Andfrom the dynamic point of view, using the dynamic efficiency - Malmquist productivity index, evaluatied the sustainable competitiveness ofseven container port enterprises of China.And aimed at these changes of the sustainable competitiveness of seven container port enterprisesof China from 2007 to 2012.Finally, combined environmental threat to the safety of port, in the economic transition period the way to main-tain the sustainable competiveness and the management strategic adjustment direction is clearly put forward.