铁路客运网络结构评价研究

Research on Network Structure Evaluation of Railway Passenger Transport

铁路客运网络结构的优劣直接关系到铁路建设成本、资源利用效率及路网运输效益。从路网规模、运营效果及区域协调程度三个层次建立铁路客运网络结构评价体系,鉴于传统路网评价模型指标权重主观性过强的缺陷,分别运用层次分析法、粗糙集法确定评价指标的主、客观权重,建立最小二乘法优化模型以确定最终权重,然后构造基于模糊学理论的铁路客运网络综合评判模型。上海铁路局客运网络的评价结果表明,该局网络结构处于较高水平,尤其表现在路网人口密度、路网面积覆盖率、乘车系数及城镇发展规划协调这四个方面。

The network structure of railway passenger transport is directly related to the cost of railway construction, the efficiency of resource utilization and the benefit of network-wide railway transportation. An evaluation index system is constructed in the paper to capture three perspectives of railway passenger transport network, including network scale, effect of operation, and regional coordination degree. Analytic hierarchy process （AHP） and rough set method are applied to determine the weight of each index. Least square method is then used to determine the final weight of each index. Based the evaluation index system, a comprehensive evaluation model of railway passenger transport network is proposed. The proposed model is tested based on real-world data of the Shanghai Railway Bureau passenger transport network. Results indicate that the network structure is advantageous in terms of its population density, network coverage, ridership, and the coordination of urban development planning.