黄金香柳叶片挥发性有机物的季节动态变化和日变化规律研究

Seasonal and Diurnal Change of Volatile Organic Compounds Released from Leaves of Melaleuca bracteata ‘Revolution Gold'

于2012年不同季节,在深圳采集黄金香柳Melaleuca bracteata‘Revolution Gold’叶片,采用顶空-固相微萃取与气相色谱-质谱联用技术对其释放的挥发性有机物成分进行测定,分析其主要成分及其变化规律。结果表明,黄金香柳叶片一年中不同季节释放的挥发性有机物共32种,包括萜烯类、酯类、醚类、酚类、醇类和酸类等化合物,其中萜烯类18种,为挥发性有机物的主要成分;其中,6月份释放的挥发性有机物种类最多,为24种,3月份最少,为9种。同年6月采集不同时间段样叶进行挥发性有机物日变化的检测,共检测到50种,其中萜烯类23种,酸类6种、醛类4种、酯类和醇类各3种,还有少量的醚类、酚类和其他化合物;叶片释放的挥发性有机物种类在14:00和20:00最多。试验显示,黄金香柳叶片不同时期释放的挥发性有机物种类及相对含量差异明显,其主要成分肉桂酸甲酯、萜品油烯、α-水芹烯和石竹烯等均具有药用保健功效。因此,黄金香柳是营造生态型、保健型和芳香型彩色园林景观的理想树种。

The leaves of Melaleuca bracteata ‘Revolution Gold’ were collected in different season in Shenzhen, Guangdong province for determining released components of volatile organic compounds（VOCs） by headspace solid-phase microextraction（HS-SPME） and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry（GC-MS）. The results showed that thirty-two VOCs were identified, including terpenes, esters, ethers, phenols, alcohols, acids, etc.,among them, the terpenes had 18 types. 24 types of VOCs were determined in June and only 9 in March. On June 15, 2012, leaves were collected at different times in a day and determinations were implemented. There were fifty VOCs, containing terpenes（23 types）, acids（6 types）, aldehydes（4 types）, esters（3 types）, alcohols（3 types） and etc. Types of VOCs were detected the most at 14：00 and 20：00 in the day. There were evident difference in types of VOCs and their contents from leaves collected from different times. The major components, including 2-propenoic acid3-phenyl-methyl ester, 1-methyl-4-（1-methylethylidene）-cyclohexene, α-phellandrene, caryophyllene had officinal and health efficacy. The experiment indicated that M. bracteata ‘Revolution Gold’ could be an ideal tree species for ecological, healthy, fragrance and colorful landscape.