茂兰自然保护区四药门花群落结构与物种多样性研究

Community Structure and Species Diversity of Loropetalum subcordatum in Maolan National Nature Reserve of Guizhou

2015年10月,应用样方调查法对贵州省茂兰国家级自然保护区四药门花Loropetalum subcordatum群落的组成和物种多样性进行调查。共记录到维管植物142种,隶属60科104属;群落以樟科Lauraceae,山茶科Theaceae,桑科Moraceae,大戟科Euphorbiaceae,茜草科Rubiaceae,蔷薇科Rosaceae和紫金牛科Myrsinaceae为优势科。植物属的地理成分分析结果表明,67.02%的种子植物属为热带分布型,以泛热带分布最为丰富,占22.34%。物种多样性分析结果表明,丰富度指数和多样性指数以灌木层最高,草本层最低;均匀度指数以灌木层最高,乔木层最低。调查显示茂兰自然保护区的四药门花种群自然更新能力弱,小苗数量少,表现为衰退型种群,在演替过程中很可能被其它阔叶树种取代,致使该种群面临灭绝的威胁。建议适当疏林、开林窗改善林下生境,提高四药门花幼苗的存活率。

Investigations were conducted on structure and species diversity of Loropetalum subcordatum communities in Maolan National Nature Reserve, Guizhou in October, 2015. The results showed that there were 142 species belonging to 60 families and 104 genera, dominated by Lauraceae,Theaceae, Moraceae, Euphorbiaceae, Rubiaceae, Rosaceae and Myrsinaceae. Analysis showed that 67.02% of genera of seed plants were tropical distribution, among them, 22.34% pantropic distribution. Species diversity analysis resulted that species richness index and species diversity was the highest at shrub layer, and the lowest at herb layer. Evenness index was the highest at shrub layer and the lowest at tree layer. The investigation demonstrated that L.subcordatum communities in Maolan National Nature Reserve had difficulties for natural regeneration was by fewer seedlings,indicating L.subcordatum would be regenerated by other broad leaf tree species. Suggestions were put forwarded such as thining and making gap in the investigated communities for better conservationrate of seedlings.