主观向量副词“充其量”的词汇化与认知研究

The Lexicalization and Cognitive Research of Polarity Adverb “Chongqiliang( 充其量) ”

"充其量"由短语到副词,经历了四个阶段:魏晋六朝始发、宋代发展、明清壮大、民国至今鼎盛。语法属性由短语到副词,意义由实到虚,在书面语基础上向口语拓展,由中性衍生出贬义,历经词汇化和语法化,至现代汉语成为一个通过客观假设最大化折射出"轻视、不以为然"等主观最小化的三音节极量副词。语言的主观性、结构自身特点、人们的组块心理、隐喻心理等认知因素都是诱发主观向量副词"充其量"词汇化的动因。

The process of Chinese expression "Chongqiliang( 充其量) "from a phrase to an adverb undergoes four stages: it occurred in Wei-jin and six dynasties,widely used in Song dynasty,developed in Ming and Qing dynasty and flourished from the Republic of China to the present. Evolutionally,its grammatical nature changed from phrase to adverb,and its meaning changed from "notional"to "empty and also expressed derogatory sense with large quantity subjective identification and speculation by colloquial language. In conclusion,the language subjectivity,structure features and cognitive factors such as the funk-made psychology,metaphor and so on,are the motivations of its lexicalization.