血液透析室护士身心健康状况与应对方式的关系研究

Study on the relationship between physical-mental health status and coping style of nurses in hemodialysis room

目的通过对血液透析室护士身心健康状况与应对方式的调查研究,促进护士心理行为良性发展,提高其身心健康水平。方法采用一般资料调查表、康奈尔健康问卷、简易应对方式量表对269名血液透析室护士进行问卷调查。结果血液透析室护士最常见的躯体健康问题是眼和耳(24.67%),其次是消化系统(18.26%),最常见的心理健康问题是不适应(19.42%),身心健康阳性率为15.61%,心理健康阳性率为7.43%。年龄越大、工作年限越长,护士的心理健康水平越高,消极应对得分明显高于常模,消极应对得分与身心健康状况得分呈正相关(P<0.01)。结论血液透析室护士身心健康状况不容乐观,既要提高工作能力也要注重心理调节能力的培养,促进护士形成积极的心理反应模式,尤其是年轻护士,应学会和运用积极的应对策略,保持良好的身心健康状况。

Objective To investigate the physical-mental health status and coping style of nurses in hemodialysis room,so as to promote the nurses＇ psychological behavior toward positive development,and improve the level of physical-mental health. Methods A total of 269 hemodialysis nurses were surveyed using the general data questionnaire,the Cornell Health Index（ CMI） and Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire（ SCSQ）.Results The most common physical health problems were the eyes and ears（ 24. 67%）,followed by the digestive system（ 18.26%）.The most common mental health problem was not adaptation（ 19.42%）. The positive rate of physical-mental health was 15.61%,and the positive rate of mental health was 7. 43%. Nurses＇ psychological health level was higher with older age and longer working time.The average negative coping style score was higher than normal population,and the negative coping style score was positively correlated with the physical-mental health status score（ P〈0.01）.Conclusion Hemodialysis room nurses＇ physical-mental health status is not optimistic.It is necessary to improve their ability to work and focus on the cultivation of psychological adjustment ability to promote the formation of a positive psychological counseling mode.Especially the young nurses should learn and use the positive coping strategies,and keep great physical and mental health condition.