云南竹类植物分布与资源区划研究

A Study of Bamboo Resources Distribution and Regionalization in Yunnan Province

云南是世界上木本竹子资源多样性最富集的地区之一。文章从竹类资源分布、竹种多样性及竹林类型3个方面对云南省竹类植物分布与资源区划进行了研究。根据云南省自然地理环境的巨大差异性和复杂多样化的生境条件,将云南竹类资源划分为滇中暖性中小型混合竹类区,滇东、滇东南热性大型丛生竹区,滇东北暖性中小型散生竹类区,滇南热性大型丛生竹类区,滇西、滇西南热性大型丛生竹类区,滇西、滇西北寒温性小型混生竹类区等6个区;分别论述了各分区地理位置、竹类植物区系特征等。此外,文章初步总结了云南省竹亚科植物资源,截至2017年底共记载竹种41属389种。依据竹类植物分布区气候特点,将云南省竹林分为热性竹林、暖性竹林、寒温性竹林3个植被亚型以及41个竹林类型。

Yunnan Province of China is one of regions with the richest woody bamboos resources in the world. This paper studied the distribution and regionalization of bamboo resources in Yunnan in terms of bamboo resources distribution,bamboo species diversity and type of bamboo forest. According to the great difference of the natural geographic environment in Yunnan and diversely complicated habitats,the bamboo resources in Yunnan were divided into six regions： 1） small to medium sized mixed-rhizome bamboos in warm central Yunnan; 2） large sympodial bamboos in hot eastern Yunnan and southeastern Yunnan; 3） small scattered bamboos in warm northeastern Yunnan;4） large sympodial bamboo forest region in hot southern Yunnan; 5） large sympodial bamboo region in hot western Yunnan and southwestern Yunnan; and 6） small mixed-rhizome bamboos in cold（ to temperate） western Yunnan and northwestern Yunnan. The geographical locations and flora characteristics of bamboo species in each region were discussed. In addition,by the end of 2017,ca. 41 genera and 389 species of bamboo species were recorded in Yunnan. Finally,according to the climate characteristics of distribution regions,bamboo forests in Yunnan were classified into three subtypes of vegetation,i. e.,tropical bamboo forest,subtropical bamboo forest and temperate bamboo forest,which could be in turn divided into 41 types of bamboo forests.