间苯二酚-甲醛树脂基碳球的可控制备与应用

Controllable preparation and application of carbon spheres based on resorcinol-formaldehyde resin

以间苯二酚和甲醛为原料,利用预聚合-水热处理的两步法制备苯二酚/甲醛树脂(resorcinolformaldehyde resin,RF)微球,考察各反应参数对树脂微球尺寸的影响,并将所制得的树脂微球经高温碳化制得碳球,将碳球用作牺牲模板制备其他中空材料。结果表明:以间苯二酚和甲醛为原材料可制备出单分散且尺寸均匀的树脂微球,其中催化剂的浓度、间苯二酚添加量、预聚合温度、乙醇/水的体积比等均会对所制得的树脂微球的尺寸产生影响;通过选择反应参数,可以使得树脂微球直径在255~1500nm范围内调整;碳化后的RF树脂微球尺寸略有减小,球形度好,可以用作牺牲模板来制备二氧化锰和氧化锌等中空材料。通过该研究可开发出制备尺寸跨度大且单分散的RF树脂微球的简便方法,所得到的微球可以被转变成单分散碳球,在牺牲模板等领域具有广泛的应用前景。

Resorcinol-formaldehyde resin（RF）microspheres were prepared with prepolymerization and hydrothermal treatment by using resorcinol and formaldehyde as raw materials.The influence of reaction parameters on the size of the resin microspheres was investigated.The carbon spheres were prepared by high temperature carbonization of the RF microspheres.Then,the carbon spheres were used as sacrificial templates to prepare other hollow materials.The results show that the monodisperse and uniform RF resin microspheres could be prepared through the method.The size of RF microspheres could be influenced by the concentration of the catalyst and the resorcinol,the prepolymerization temperature,the volume ratio of ethanol/water,etc.The size of RF microspheres could be adjusted within 255~1500 nm through choosing reaction parameters.The size of RF microspheres slightly decreases after carbonization,but the degree of sphericity is good.They may be used as the sacrificial template to prepare hollow materials such as manganese sesquioxide and zinc oxide.The research offers a simple method to prepare monodisperse RF microspheres with large range of size.The microspherescan be transformed into monodisperse carbon spheres which have wide application prospect in the field of sacrificial templates.