我国城市居民出行行为大数据采集与应用研究

Research on Acquisition and Application of China's Urban Resident Travel Behavior with Big Data

采集并剖析城市居民出行行为大数据,不仅是提高交通通行效率的有效方式,也是城市全面优化发展和国家治理能力现代化建设的必然趋势。当前,城市居民出行行为大数据采集方法主要有传统的居民出行调查、票务信息系统采集、基于GPS技术的移动数据采集和基于手机等移动终端的定位数据采集。这些大数据在交通规划与设计、公共交通工具调度、行车路线规划等领域具有重要的应用价值。但是我国城市居民出行行为大数据采集和应用仍然存在数据成本高昂、数据质量不精、数据共享不足与信息壁垒严重、信息安全与个人隐私保护不足等问题。政府应构建综合性大数据共享平台、执行全面数据质量管理、完善数据安全相关法规政策体系等,以优化城市居民出行行为大数据的采集和应用,促进智慧城市建设和推动城市化发展进程。

Collecting and analyzing urban residents＇ travel behavior big data is not only an effective way to improve traffic efficiency,but also an inevitable trend of comprehensive urban development and modernization of national governance capacity.At present,the data collection methods of urban resident travel behavior mainly include traditional resident trip survey,ticketing information system acquisition,mobile data acquisition based on GPS technology and location data acquisition based on mobile terminals,such as mobile phones.These big data have important application value in the fields of traffic planning and design,public transportation scheduling,road planning,etc.However,the collection and application of big data in China＇s urban residents＇ travel behavior still has many problems,such as high data cost,poor data quality,the lack of data sharing and information barriers,and the lack of information security and personal privacy protection.The government should build comprehensive data sharing platform,implement comprehensive data quality management and improve data security related regulations and policy system,so as to optimize the collection and application of urban residents＇ travel behavior with big data,and promote the construction of smart city and the development process of urbanization.