当代中国公民意识测量探索

Exploration of Measurement of Citizen Consciousness in Contemporary China

西方学术界对公民意识进行实证调查研究时,测量要素的选择往往是公民意识的某个方面,特别关注对公民政治态度、个体权利的测量。中国学者在引用和借鉴西方公民意识测量工具时,常常缺少与我国的现实国情、文化、社会传承的结合,缺少对中国传统的集体主义、社会责任对公民行为和态度影响的关注。公民意识测量工具的选择,应该突出公民意识的时代内涵、本土因素和中国特色的测量指标体系。以公民意识的相关理论为基础,从"主体意识-权利意识"和"主体意识-责任意识"两个维度尝试编制"公民意识测量量表",从收集到的公民意识调查数据的分析来看,该量表能够较好地实现对当代中国公民意识测量的信度与效度的统一。

When an empirical study on citizen consciousness is conducted in the western academic circles,the choice of measurement elements is often a part of citizen consciousness,especially the measurement of citizen＇s political attitude and individual rights.When Chinese scholars use the tools of western citizen consciousness measurement,Chinese scholars often lack the combination with China＇s realities,culture and social heritage,and lack the concern about the influence of Chinese traditional collectivism and social responsibilities on civic behavior and attitudes.The choice of the measurement tools of citizen consciousness should highlight the time connotation of citizen consciousness,the local factors and the measurement index system with Chinese characteristics.Based on the related theories of citizen consciousness as the foundation,from the two dimensions of＂subject consciousness-right consciousness＂and＂subject consciousness and responsibility consciousness＂,this paper attempts to compile＂citizen awareness scale＂.From the analysis of data collected from citizen awareness survey,we can see that this scale can better realize the unity of reliability and validity of contemporary Chinese citizen consciousness measurement.