饲料中添加混合益生菌对幼参生长、消化酶活力和体壁营养组成的影响

Effects of dietary supplementation of probiotcs on growth,digestive enzyme activity and nutrient profile of body wall in juvenile sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus

为探讨在饲料中添加混合益生菌对刺参Apostichopus japonicus幼参生长、消化酶活力和体壁营养组成的影响,以体质量为(0.54±0.06)g幼参为试验对象,研究了投喂含益生菌(1×105cells/g梅奇酵母C14+1×105cells/g红酵母H26+1×107cells/g芽孢杆菌BC26)饲料(益生菌组)和基础饲料(对照组)后,幼参肠道异养细菌数量和弧菌数量,以及幼参生长、肠道消化酶活力和体壁营养组成的变化。结果表明:在试验第4周和第8周时,益生菌组幼参肠道异养细菌数量显著高于对照组(P<0.05);益生菌组幼参特定生长率和肠道胃蛋白酶、胰蛋白酶、淀粉酶和脂肪酶活力均较对照组显著提高(P<0.05);益生菌组幼参比对照组具有较高的体壁粗蛋白质及糖分含量(P<0.05);投喂含益生菌饲料的幼参肠道弧菌数量显著低于投喂基础饲料的幼参(P<0.05);饲养8周时,益生菌组幼参体壁灰分含量显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。研究表明,饲料中补充混合益生菌可促进幼参生长和消化酶活力,并影响其体壁营养组成。

A 8-week feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of probiotics on intestinal bacterial counts,growth,digestive enzyme activity and nutrient profile of body wall in juvenile sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus.The juvenile sea cucumber with body weight of（ 0.54±0.06） g were fed basal diet（ control group） or a diet supplemented with probiotics containing Rhodotorula sp. H26（ 1×105 cells/g）,Metschnikowia sp. C14（ 1×105 cells/g）and Bacillus sp. BC26（ 1×107 cells/g） at water temperature of 16-24 ℃. It was found that there were significantly higher intestinal numbers of heterotrophic bacteria in probiotics group than those in the control group（ P0.05） at week 4 and week 8. The specific growth rate and intestinal pepsin,trypsin,amylase and lipase activities of sea cucumber fed the diet containing probiotics were significantly increased compared to the control group（ P〈0.05） at week 4 and week 8. Sea cucumber in probiotics group had higher crude protein and carbohydrate contents in body wall than those in the control group（ P0.05） at week 4 and 8. The numbers of vibrios,however,were found to be significantly lower in the intestine of sea cucumber fed the diet supplemented with probiotics than those in animals fed the basal diet at week 4 and 8. Sea cucumber in probiotics group had lower ash content in body wall compared with the control group（ P0.05） at week 8. The findings indicate that a diet supplemented with probiotics leads to improvement of growth and digestive enzyme activity,and nutrient profile of body wall in juvenile sea cucumber.