建筑无障碍标识色彩与尺度量化设计研究

Research on Quantitative Design of the Color and Scale of Architectural Accessible Signs

标识是无障碍环境的重要环节,然而国内相关的量化设计研究还很薄弱。文章通过综合对比分析国内外科研和标准文献,归纳得出以往研究思路与方法考虑影响因素的不足,并且基于我国障碍人群的实际需求与人体尺度,优化设计并开展人类工效学主观评价实验和理论分析,进行色彩对比度、文字尺度和安装高度等标识设计要素与视距、色相、视力、标识类型、人体尺度等影响因子量化关系的研究,最终找到若干符合通用设计理论、适合我国国情、指标量化的科学设计策略。

Accessible signs are an important part of accessible environment. However, quantitative design researches on this subject are still weak in China. With comprehensive comparative analysis of domestic and foreign literatures and standards, this paper summarizes deficiencies in affecting factors in previous research ideas and methods. Based on actual needs and human scale of Chinese population with disabilities, this paper optimizes the design and carries out ergonomic subjective evaluation experiments and theoretical analysis. This paper also conducts a quantitative research on the relations between design elements, including color contrast, text size, installation height, and their affecting factors, including sight distance, hue, visual acuity, sign types, human scale, etc. Finally, this paper proposes design strategies with quantitative indicators in accordance with both universal design theories and China＇s conditions.