影响玉米秸秆饲料化利用率的相关因素和改善技术研究

Study on relevant factor of corn straw feed utilization and improve technology

试验旨在探究不同处理方式对玉米秸秆青贮品质的影响,试验设5个处理,分别为对照组、氨化组(5 kg/t尿素)、复合菌组(20 g/t)、纤维素酶组(200 g/t)、"复合菌(10 g/t)+纤维素酶组(100 g/t)组"。玉米秸秆经以上处理后,常温自然发酵90 d。结果表明:氨化处理显著增加玉米秸秆青贮的干物质和粗蛋白含量(P<0.05),显著降低NDF和ADF含量(P<0.05),秸秆青贮后的乳酸、乙酸含量、氨态氮/总氮显著增加(P<0.05),秸秆的干物质和NDF的瘤胃降解率显著降低(P<0.05)。复合菌组玉米秸秆青贮的ADF含量显著降低(P<0.05)。纤维素酶组玉米秸秆青贮的NDF、ADF和ADL含量显著降低(P<0.05)。"复合菌+纤维素酶"组玉米秸秆青贮的粗蛋白含量显著增加(P<0.05),ADF和ADL含量显著降低(P<0.05),同时也提高了干物质和NDF的瘤胃消失率(P<0.05)。由此表明,氨化和"复合菌+纤维素酶"两种处理方式对玉米秸秆青贮的品质改善效果最好。

The aim of experiment was designed to study the effects of different treatment method on the quality of corn straw silage.They were randomly divided into 5 groups,representing control group,ammoniated group（5 kg/t Urea）,compound biologics group（20 g/t）,cellulase group（200 g/t）,＂compound biologics（10 g/t）＋cellulase（100 g/t）group＂.Corn stalks were processed,then fermented corn stalks for 90 days.The results showed that Compared with the control group,the contents of dry substances,rough protein,lactic acid and acetic acid of ammoniated group signifi cantly increased（P〈0.05）,The amino nitrogen/total nitrogen and rumen degradability of dry substances and NDF was signifi cantly increased（P〈0.05）,the contents of NDF and ADF were significantly decreased（P〈0.05）.ADF was significantly decreased in compound biologics group（P〈0.05）.NDF,ADF and ADL were signifi cantly decreased in cellulase group（P〈0.05）.The content of rough protein and rumen degradability of dry substances and NDF in ＂compound biologics＋cellulase group was signifi cantly increased（P〈0.05）,ADF,ADL were signifi cantly decreased（P〈0.05）.The results indicated that ammoniated and compound biologics＋cellulase treatment had the best effect on quality improvement of corn straw silage.