西部黄土矿区开采沉陷中的土岩耦合效应研究

Study on coupling effect of soil and rock in mining subsidence of western China mining areas

西部黄土矿区巨厚黄土层对于开采沉陷特征具有显著影响。将黄土矿区开采沉陷划分为地下开挖、黄土层自重荷载效应下的基岩开采沉陷及其引起的黄土层变形两个模型相叠加,利用数值模拟分析这两者在开采沉陷中的耦合效应。结果表明,基岩开采沉陷引起的黄土层附加变形导致其体积变形,破坏了黄土层的整体结构,改变了黄土层施加于基岩上的自重荷载效应。这种荷载效应与开采宽度、采深、土层厚度相关,得到了黄土层等效荷载与开采宽深比(或采动充分程度)之间的关系,初步揭示出黄土矿区开采沉陷存在的土岩耦合效应。

The thick loess layer in the western loess covered mining area has a significant influence on the mining subsidence characteristics. The mining subsidence in loess mining areas is divided into bedrock layer deformation caused by underground excavation and loess layer load,and the loess layer deformation caused by the subsidence,then numerical simulation analysis is carried out to analyze the coupling effect of the both in mining subsidence in. The results show that the additional deformation of the loess layer caused by the mining subsidence leads to volumetric deformation,and destroys the overall structure of the loess layer and changes the dead load effect of the loess layer applied to the bedrock. The related load effect and mining width,mining depth,thickness of soil layer,the soil layer equivalent load and mining width to depth ratio（or mining full extent） the relationship between soil and rock reveal the coupling effect of mining subsidence in loess.