王维诗歌中“盛唐气象”的境象表征

The Image Representation of “the Phenomenon of Prosperous Tang Dynasty” in Wang Wei's Poems

王维的诗歌可谓"盛唐气象"的最精妙诠释。深度考察王维与李杜诗歌的差异,揭示出一个被芜杂现象掩盖着的事实:"盛唐气象"不是特指一种或多种风格,也不是唐人的一种艺术活力或生命精神,而是大唐特定历史时空里的社会本质与时代精神在唐诗中的艺术反映。因此,"盛唐气象"必须具备两个重要的要素:一是内容,即要深刻反映盛世社会的本质,客观再现历史进程的真实,生动表现时代情绪的主旋律;二是形式,境界光朗而不纤弱,格调健康而不猥琐,意象明丽而不枯病,语言清淳而不晦涩。盛唐气象,表现在具体的诗歌中,就是盛唐的那种盛大富丽的时代风貌,和谐宁靖的社会愿景,蓬勃豪上的盛世精神,就是"人和世界间稳定的和谐关系"。王维诗与李杜诗都是盛唐的社会反映,李杜反映的是盛唐的下降"气象",王维反映的则是盛唐的上升"气象"。

＂The phenomenon of prosperous Tang Dynasty＂ originally was just an intuition and stayed at the level of the judgment of value. It falls into the category of critical discourses with a practical aim, and has attracted heated discussions and disputes. In order to probe into the nature of ＂the phenomenon of prosperous Tang Dynasty＂, this paper takes Wang Wei＇s poems as the case and involves poems of Li Bai, Du Fu and Han Yu as well. Comparatively speaking, Wang Wei is the best at controlling the spirit of the prosperous dynasty and reflects the mood of the times, which express ＂the phenomenon of prosperous Tang Dynasty＂ vividly and profoundly. We find that ＂the phenomenon of prosperous Tang Dynasty＂ is not just a style or many styles, or an artistic vigor or life spirit. It is an artistic reflection of the social nature and mood of the times within a particular historical time and space. Therefore, it should embed two significant factors, namely, the content and the form. Firstly, the content should reflect the nature of the prosperous dynasty and represent the theme of the mood of the times. Secondly, the form should be bright and healthy with pure and clear lyrics.To be more exact, poems should reflect the gorgeous and magnificent social features and represent the harmonious relationship between humans and the world.