铁皮石斛不同授粉方式对蒴果发育及种子萌发的影响

Effects of Different Pollination Methods on Development of Capsule and Seed Germination of Dendrobium officinale

为研究不同授粉方式对铁皮石斛蒴果发育以及无菌播种种子萌发的影响,选用健康的铁皮石斛植株花朵进行了自花授粉、异花授粉和自然授粉;选用不同种龄的种子在离体培养条件下进行萌发实验。研究结果表明：铁皮石斛自花授粉和异花授粉均能结实,异花授粉的结实率较高,达64.8%;铁皮石斛在开花的第2~3天授粉的结实率最高;120~210 d种龄的种子萌发率较高,均为90%以上。选择人工异花授粉和适宜种龄的种子离体培养,不仅可培育优良品种,还可缩短繁殖周期,为铁皮石斛遗传改良提供依据。

In order to study the effect of different pollination methods on development of capsule and seed germination of Dendrobium officinale, the healthy plant flowers were selected to carry out self-pollination,cross-pollination and spontaneous pollination. The seed of different age were selected to carry out germination experiment in vitro culture. The results showed that self-pollination and cross-pollination were fertile, setting percentage of cross-pollination was higher, up to 64.8%. The setting percentage was the highest in the 2 nd to 3 rd day after flowering. The age of seeds among 120 to 210 days has higher germination rate which were all more than90%. Choosing cross-pollination and appropriate age of seed in vitro culture could not only breed elite varieties,but also shorten the breeding cycle and might provide basis for genetic improvement of Dendrobium officinale.