奈韦拉平致Stevens-Johnson综合征和中毒性表皮坏死松解症的文献分析

Literature Research on Nevirapine of Adverse Drug Reactions in Stevens-Johnson Syndrome and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis

目的:分析奈韦拉平致Stevens-Johnson综合征(SJS)和中毒性表皮坏死松解症(TEN)不良反应发生的特点,为临床用药提供依据。方法:以"奈韦拉平"、"不良反应"、"史蒂文斯-约翰逊综合征"、"中毒性表皮坏死松解症"为中文关键词,以"nevirapine"、"drug adverse reaction"、"stevens-johnson syndrome(SJS)"、"toxic epidermal necrolysis(TEN)"为英文主题词,分别检索国内外主要文献数据库,对符合纳入标准的文献,提取患者性别、年龄、原患疾病、药物过敏史、给药剂量、临床表现、出现时间等内容进行统计分析。结果:共筛选出病例报道文献17篇,有效病例21例。奈韦拉平引起的SJS/TEN多发生在50岁以下人群中,以男性居多,住院天数12 d至3个月不等,有3例患者出现了死亡、1例失明。结论:在临床应用中,应重视奈韦拉平引起的SJS和TEN不良反应,注重对患者的用药教育,以减少不良反应发生,确保安全用药。

Objective：To analyze the Stevens Johnson syndrome （SJS） and toxic epidermal necrolysis （TEN） characteristics of nevirapine and provide the reference for clinic. Methods：Search from the CNKI, Wanfang database and PubMed and EMBase database with the key words nevirapine, adverse drug reaction, SJS, toxic epidermal necrolysis to collect the report. Comprehensive analysis was in terms of patients’ gender, age, the original disease, drug allergy, dosage, clinical manifestations. Results：A total of 17 articles were included with 21 valid cases. SJS and TEN mainly occurred in the male patients with the age below the 50. The length of stay ranged from 12 days to 3 months. There were 3 deaths and 1 case blind. Conclusion：The SJS and TEN of nevirapine should be paid more attention in clinic. Great importance should be attached to patient education to decrease the incidence and ensure the safety of drug.