双加工视角下的创造性思维研究述评

The Cognitive Neural Mechanisms of Creative Thinking from Dual Processing Perspective

创造性思维是创造性的具体体现,能使个体产生新颖且实用的成果,它有时依靠无意识的自动化加工(类型1),有时则基于有意识的控制性加工(类型2)。在双加工视角下,对顿悟、发散性思维和艺术创造力三类典型的创新性思维进行了综述分析,发现类型1和2均参与了这些创造性思维的加工过程,且两类型间的灵活切换十分必要。未来研究需借助该视角进行更系统深入的探讨,明确两类加工在特定创造性思维下的作用与切换模式,以及该模式在特定人群中的运行机制。

Creative thinking is the embodiment of individual creativity,which enables an individual to produce a novel and appropriate result.Sometime,it is produced on autonomous and unconscious Type 1 processes,and sometimes it is based on the controlled and conscious type 2 processes.The role played by type 1 processes and type 2 processes during three major categories of creativity：insight,divergent thinking,and artistic creativity.This paper explores the notion that creative thinking may rely upon the involvement of both types of processes and the nature of shifting function between them.In future studies,it is necessary to analyse the role of two types of processes in specific creative thinking and its shifting mechanism systematically,as well as effects the mechanism exerts on certain groups.