运动对心血管保护作用及机制研究进展

Improved understanding of effects and mechanisms of exercise on cardiovascular protection

生理状况下,运动训练可显著提高机体代谢水平,发挥抗炎、抗衰老、调节血压和抗抑郁的功能,长期规律的运动训练有助于增加心排出量,促进生理性心肌重构,增强机体对心血管疾病的耐受性,对心血管疾病一级预防作用显著,已被多个指南推荐用于心血管疾病及代谢相关疾病的预防和治疗。运动发挥心血管保护作用的机制较为复杂,包括改善心肌能量代谢,促进冠脉循环,延缓病理性心肌重构等,本文将综述近年来运动对于心肌梗死前后的心肌保护作用相关进展,为深入探讨运动发挥心血管保护作用提供理论依据。

Under physiological states, exercise training can significantly improve the body＇s metabolic level and provides anti-inflammatory, anti-aging, regulation of blood pressure and anti-depressive effects. Long-term exercise training can additionaly help increase cardiac output, promote physiological myocardium remodeling, and enhance the body＇s tolerance to cardiovascular disease. Thus, exercise plays a significant role in the prevention of cardiovascular pathogenesis and has been recommended in a number of guidelines related to cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. The mechanisms by which exercise mediates or modulates cardiovascular protection are complex, including improvement of myocardial energy metabolism, promotion of coronary circulation, and attenuation of pathological myocardial remodeling. This review presents recent progress and understanding related to effects and to mechanisms from exercise on cardiovascular protection, providing a clearer theoretical basis of the role exercise plays in cardiovascular protection.