宜昌市3483名青少年脊背倾斜角度异常的筛查

Screening for abnormal angle of trunk rotation among adolescents in Yichang city

2016年9—10月采用分层整群随机抽样方法,对宜昌市西陵区4-9年级3483名中小学生,进行问卷调查、体格检查,应用Scoliometer脊椎侧凸测量仪测定脊背倾斜角度（ATR）,ATR 〉5°为脊背异常.学生年龄9-15岁,其中男生1797名,女生1686名.ATR异常率为7.60%（265/3483）,其中男生为4.73%（85/1797）,低于女生的10.68%（180/1686）,13-15岁年龄段者为10.62%（159/1496）,高于9-12岁者的5.33%（106/1987）,差异均有统计学意义（χ^2=43.75,P〈0.01;χ^2=36.92,P〈0.01）;BMI较低者的ATR异常率较高,左利手者低于右利手和双利手者,差异均有统计学意义（χ^2=30.00,P〈0.01;χ^2=6.59,P〈0.05）;是否偏食、是否喜欢运动者间的ATR异常率差异均无统计学意义.提示学生性别、年龄、BMI、学生用手习惯可能影响青少年脊背倾斜角异常的发生.

Total 3 483 students in 4 to 9 grade from primary and middle school in Xiling District of Yichang city were selected by stratified cluster random sampling method between September and October 2016 to participate in screening for abnormal angle of trunk rotation（ATR）,including 1 797 boys and 1 686 girls aged 9-15 years.The ATR was measured with Scoliometer and the ATR 〉5°was defined as abnormal.The overall abnormal ATR rate was 7.60%（265/3 483）, that in boys was 4.73%（85/1797）and in girls was 10.68%（180/1 686）（χ2=43.75,P〈0.05）.The abnormal ATR rate in age group 13-15 was higher than that in age group 9-12[10.62%（159/1 496）vs.5.33%（106/1 987）,χ2=36.92,P〈0.01].Students with low BMI had higher abnormal ATR rate than that with normal or higher BMI（χ2=30.00,P〈0.01）;and students with left handedness had lower abnormal ATR rate than that with right handedness or double handedness（χ2=6.59,P=0.04）.The abnormal ATR rate was not associated with dietary habits or sports in the daily life of students.The results show that gender,age,BMI and handedness affect abnormal rate of ATR.