乌江思林水电站库区鱼类增殖放流效果初步研究

Evaluation of Fishery Resource Enhancement by Artificial Propagation and Release in the Silin Hydropower Station Reservoir

为探究乌江思林水电站鱼类增殖放流效果,2013年和2014年对思林（沙沱）鱼类增殖放流站放流的中华倒刺鲃（Barbodes sinensis）和白甲鱼（Varicorhinus simus）部分个体进行了荧光标记,共标记放流1.98万尾中华倒刺鲃和4.56万尾白甲鱼,并在2014年与2015年进行了2个周期的回捕调查。结果显示,回捕调查捕获鱼类12种,共计2687尾;其中,中华倒刺鲃和白甲鱼的渔获物占比分别为1.60%和0.71%,未见荧光标记个体。通过走访调查,收集到标记中华倒刺鲃7尾（2014年6尾,2015年1尾）、白甲鱼7尾（2014年4尾,2015年3尾）,回捕率分别为0.013%~0.049%和0.009%~0.030%,回捕地点共7个,距离放流地点226~24 105 m。研究表明,思林（沙沱）鱼类增殖放流站的增殖放流活动可对中华倒刺鲃、白甲鱼等起到一定增殖效果。为取得更好的增殖放流效果,建议调整放流方法、放流地点、加强渔政管理和宣传教育。

Fish artificial propagation and release is an important measure for reducing the impact of hydropower construction on fish resources.Fish population data obtained by tagging the released fish is used to evaluate the effectiveness of the method.The Silin and Shatuo Hydropower Stations are the eighth and ninth cascaded hydropower stations on the Wujing River.The Silin and Shatuo fish breeding and release station was built and began operations in 2009 with the yearly release of 570 000 artificially bred native species.In this study,the release and recapture investigation of tagged Barbodes sinensis and Varicorhinus simus was conducted in the Silin hydropower station reservoir from 2013 to 2015 to evaluate and optimize the fish breeding and release program.In 2013 and 2014,a total of 1.98 × 104 Barbodes sinensis and 4.56 × 104 Varicorhinus simus individuals were tagged and released into Silin reservoir area,and from July to September of 2014 and 2015,fishery resource investigations were carried out using fish catch surveys.A total of 2 867 individuals representing 12 fish species were collected during the two-year investigation and B.sinensis（43 individuals） and V.simus（19 individuals） accounted,respectively,for 1.60%and 0.71% of the total catch and no tagged fishes were collected.Based on interviews with fishermen,14 fish with evident fluorescent tags were caught,giving recapture rates of 0.013%-0.049% and 0.009%-0.030%,respectively.All 14 of the tagged fish were caught at seven sites,between 226 to 24 105 m from the release site.The sites are all located in shallow water areas of reservoir bays and tributaries,indicating that the tagged fish had a wide range of activity and preferred this habitat.The study shows that artificial propagation and release has a positive effect on B.sinensis and V.simus resources in the reservoir areas of the Silin and Shatuo Hydropower Stations.To enhance the release effect,we suggest improving the tagging method,adjusting the method and location of release,and strengthening fishery management and public education.