草豆蔻及其近缘种药用植物的高效薄层色谱指纹图谱研究

High-Performance Thin-layer Chromatographic Fingerprint Analysis of Alpinia katsumadai Hayata and Its Related Species

目的建立不同商品来源的草豆蔻挥发油和黄酮类成分高效薄层色谱指纹图谱,为其质量控制提供依据,并以草豆蔻为对照,对其近缘种常用药用植物进行考察。方法应用硅胶GF254高效预制薄层板,挥发油成分以甲苯-乙酸乙酯(9∶1)为展开剂,喷以5%香草醛浓硫酸溶液,105℃加热至斑点清晰,日光下观察;黄酮类成分以甲苯-乙酸乙酯-乙酸(8∶1.5∶0.5)为展开剂,喷以5%三氯化铝乙醇液,105℃加热数分钟后,置于365 nm紫外光下检视。将显色后的薄层色谱图导入CHROMAP1.5色谱指纹图谱系统解决方案软件生成共有模式,进行相似度分析。结果草豆蔻挥发油成分和黄酮类成分薄层色谱指纹图谱分别由10个和7个色谱峰组成,并分别指认了主要成分桉油精和山姜素。结论通过HPTLC指纹图谱考察,不同商品来源的草豆蔻药材斑点质量差别较小;草豆蔻及其近缘种常用药用植物的挥发油成分和黄酮类成分均差别显著。该方法可以快速、有效地对草豆蔻进行鉴别和质量评价。

OBJECTIVE To establish the high-performance thin layer chromatographic （HPTLC） fingerprints of volatile oil and flavonoids in Alpinia katsumadai Hayata so as to provide scientific information for its quality control, and determine the fingerprints similarity of with its related species. METHODS The separation was performed on the pre-coated HPTLC GF254 silica gel plates. The volatile oil was developed with solvent system of toluene-ethyl acetate（9：1 ）. The relative humidity was 18%. The spots were visualized with 5% vanillin sulfuric acid solution. The flavonoides compounds were developed with solvent system of toluene-ethyl acetate-acetic acid （8： 1.5： 0. 5）. The spots were visualized with 5% aluminium chloride ethanol solution which needed to be observed at 365 nm. The common patterns of HPTLC fingerprints were obtained by CHROMAP 1.5 solution software, and authentication and quality assessment were performed by similarity and principle component analysis. RESULTS The common patterns of the volatile oil and fla- vonoids consisted of 10 characteristic peaks and 7 characteristic peaks, respectively. Eucalyptol and alpinetin were identified by chemical reference substances. CONCLUSION The qualities of Alpinia katsumadai Hayata collected from different areas are not distinctly different. Obvious difference exists in the chemical compositions of the volatile oil and flavonoids between Alpinia katsumadai Hayata and its counterfeit and other related species. This method is simple and rapid, which can serve as an effective identification and quality assessment method for Alpinia katsumadai Hayata.