玄奘高昌国讲《仁王经》索考

A Discussion on Xuan Zang's Expounding of the Scripture for Humane Kings at Gaochang State

玄奘西行求法,曾滞留高昌月余,期间应高昌王麹文泰之邀,为之讲《仁王经》。麹文泰之邀请与玄奘之应邀,都有着一定的历史必然性。就当时的社会氛围而言,无论是中原抑或高昌,都存在着讲说和推崇《仁王经》的风气;就麹文泰本人而言,他既有着推崇《仁王经》的信仰,也有着希望借助佛教以缓解高昌国危情的需求;就玄奘而言,西游之前,他便已熟习《仁王经》,具备了为高昌王等信众讲说此经的知识储备。通过玄奘弟子圆测的注疏,我们依稀可以看出玄奘在高昌国讲经的内容。

On the journey of pilgrimage to Indian,Xuan Zang had been detained for more than a month in Gaochang. During the period of custody,Qu Wentai,the king of the Gaochang state,requested Xuan Zang to expound the Scripture for Humane Kings,which was a famous national protection sutra. Xuan Zang accepted this invitation and spent a month to expound this sutra. The king' s invitation and the great monk ' s acceptance have a certain historical inevitability. In terms of the social atmosphere,both China and the Gaochang have the ethos of speaking and promoting the sutra. In the case of the king himself,he has both the belief in this sutra and the need to alleviate the crisis in Gaochang with Buddhism. In the case of Xuan Zang,before the journey to the west,he was already familiar with the sutra,and had the knowledge to expound it. In the commentary of this sutra written by Yuance,one of Xuan Zang' s disciples,we can get a clue to reconstruct what Xuan Zang had expounded in Gaochang.