从感性学到身体学:美学研究必须完成的进展

Perception and somatics as necessary approaches to aesthetics

在世界美学史上,感性学的建构是一个未完成的规划。自鲍姆嘉腾于1748年提出建构"感性认识的科学"以来,两个半世纪过去了,它仍未成形为自洽的话语体系。从现在的角度看,这个规划本身就不完善,因为它没有涉及感性学的归属问题。根据当代认知科学所提供的线索,感性活动的承担者只能是身体,因此,美学研究应该完成从感性学到身体学的回归。在20世纪,现象学和实用主义先后发现了能感觉的身体、能运动的身体、能劳作的身体,致力于从身体学的角度重构美学,并最终催生出了身体美学概念。但是,由于种种缘由,相应转型在西方还远未完成。为了在西方学者止步的地方向前走,我们试图展示感性学回归身体学的基本路径。

In the process of global aesthetics,perception is a moderately accomplished plan.It is over two centuries since Baumgarten proposed his assumption of perceptual science,and its discoursal system is not yet developed,for there are not any properties in relation to perceptions.The subject of perception is body,and researches on aesthetics should begin with somatics.In the 20 th century,researchers have discovered perceptual,motivating and working bodies in both phenomenon and pragmatism.All this gives rise to physical aesthetics.