医患沟通对医生刻板印象表达的影响

The Impact of Doctor-Patient Communication Frequency on the Stereotype of the Doctor

从沟通频次与刻板印象传递性质的关系入手,以住院患者和尚未成为住院患者的大学生为被试,采用系列再生范式,利用10条4人再生链,探讨了医患沟通频次对医生刻板印象表达的影响。结果显示,与医生沟通频次高的住院患者在再生链的第2个位置传递医生的积极信息高于消极信息,但是经过4人的传递,住院患者对医生刻板印象信息的传递在积极信息与消极信息没有差异。而与医生沟通频次低的大学生在再生链的后期表现出传递医生消极信息的倾向。该结果表明:沟通频次能够调节有关医生的消极刻板印象的传递—与医生沟通频次高的群体在传递医生的刻板印象信息时,在传递的早期具有积极的倾向性;但经过多人传递之后,在效价方面已经没有倾向性;与医生沟通频次低的群体倾向于传递医生刻板印象的消极信息。

The doctor-patient relationships are getting worse and worse in recent years. This problem has become so serious that we should pay more attention to it and it should be solved efficiently for the security and sound development of the society. The present study employed a 2 （Group： HCF group vs. LCF group） × 2 （Valence： positive vs. negative） × 4（Serial position： position 1 vs, position 2 vs, position 3 vs. position 4） mixed design with group as a between-subjects factor and valence as a within-subject factor. The study adopted the serial reproduction paradigm with 40 patients （15 females, 15-50 years old, mean age = 30.24 years old, HCF group） and 40 university students （20 females, 20-27 years old, mean age = 24.5 years old, LCF group） as participants. The results showed that more positive stereotype information about the doctors was transmitted in early stages of the reproduction, but no differences between them in late stages for the HCF group. While, as expected, more negative stereotype information about the doctors was transmitted for the LCF group （as shown in Figure 1）. The results suggest that communication frequency between the doctors and the patients has a mediator role on the stereotype of the doctor, especially in the early stage in the processing of the information transmission for the HCF group. The difference between the results and those of the previous studies were discussed. The present study offers profound implications for doctors and other clinical workers in establishing harmonious relationships with patients.