薇甘菊栽培的巨大口蘑营养成分研究

Study on Nutritional Components of Tricholoma giganteum Cultivated with Mikania micrantha

本研究对薇甘菊栽培的巨大口蘑营养成分进行了研究,结果表明:每100 g干的巨大口蘑子实体中总糖、多糖、粗纤维、粗脂肪、粗蛋白、灰分含量分别为54.24 g、13.42 g、5.52 g、1.60 g、15.55 g、6.21 g。巨大口蘑中含有17种人体所需的氨基酸,氨基酸总量为15.13 g/100 g,其中必需氨基酸占氨基酸总量的40.38%,必需氨基酸与非必需氨基酸的比值(E/N)为0.68,符合FDA和WHO提出的理想蛋白质必需氨基酸含量达40%以上,E/N在0.6以上的要求。矿质元素K、Na、Ca、Mg、Cu、Zn、Fe、Mn含量分别为27.58 g/kg、0.24 g/kg、0.23 g/kg、0.90 g/kg、69.72 mg/kg、55.52 mg/kg、51.46 mg/kg、10.05 mg/kg。有毒重金属铅、镉、总砷的含量低于食用菌质量安全要求的重金属含量限量标准。总汞含量有少许超标。这一研究结果为薇甘菊栽培巨大口蘑的进一步开发和利用提供了理论依据,也为薇甘菊的综合防治提供了新方法。

The nutritional components of Tricholoma giganteum cultivated with Mikania micrantha was studied in this study, and results showed that the content of total sugar, polysaccharide, crude fiber, crude fat, crude protein and ash were 54.24 g, 13.42 g, 5.52 g, 1.60 g, 15.55 g, 6.21 g in per 100 g dried fruiting body of Tricholoma giganteum, respectively. Tricholoma giganteum contained 17 essential amino acids, andthe total amount of amino acids was 15.13 g/100 g, of which essential amino acids accounted for 40.38%. The ratio of essential amino acids to non-essential amino acids （E/N） was 0.68, which met the requirements of FDA and WHO that the essential amino acid content of ideal protein should be above 40% and E/N should be above 0.6. In addition, the mineral elements content of K, Na, Ca, Mg, Cu, Zn, Fe and Mn was 27.58 g/kg, 0.24 g/kg, 0.23 g/kg, 0.90 g/kg, 69.72 mg/kg, 55.52 mg/kg, 51.46 mg/kg and 10.05 mg/kg, respectively, and the content of toxic heavy metals such as lead, cadmium and total arsenic content was lower than the limit standards for heavy metal content of edible fungi. Total mercury content was slightly excessive. The results of this study provided a theoretical basis for the further development and utilization of M. micrantha cultivated with T. giganteum and a new method for the comprehensive control of M. micrantha.