肝胆外科研究生指导中不同教学方式的探讨

Study of different teaching methods in directing graduated students in the department of hepatobili-ary surgery

目的探讨科学类学位与专业类学位研究生不同指导方式的可行性和现实意义。方法结合目前国内外科学研究生教学改革的成果，随机选取2014年9月至2017年4月在解放军总医院肝胆外科学习的26名硕士研究生作为研究对象，对每位研究生的学位类型、临床实践和实验时间以及科研情况等进行分析研究。结果科学类研究生平均实验时间比专业类研究生多出约一倍[（21．0±1．6）比（11．0±3．5）个月]，而专业类研究生则更偏重于临床工作[（20．0±2．1）比（12．0±2．4）个月]，两者比较差异均具有统计学意义（均P〈0．05）。在临床基础操作合格率方面，专业类研究生明显优于科学类研究生（85．7％比75．0％，P〈0．05）。结论不同教学方法在肝胆外科研究生教学实践方面的成果显著，但外科研究生的培养最终应以解决临床问题为根本目标。

Objective To investigate the feasibility and realistic significance of different teaching methods in professional and scientific degree graduate students. Methods Twenty six graduate students （scientific 12, professional 14） were randomly selected as research object from Sep. 2014 to Apr. 2017, and the relationship between clinical or research outcome and type of degree, clinical or experiment time were analyzed. Results The experiment time of scientific degree graduate students was significantly longer than that of professional degree graduate students [ （21.0± 1.6） vs. （ 11.0 ± 3.5 ） months], and profes- sional degree graduate students paid more attention to clinical work, there was statistic difference between the two groups [ （20.0 ± 2.1 ） vs. （ 12.0 ± 2.4） months, both P 〈 0. 05 ]. The qualification rate of basic clini- cal manipulation in the professional group was higher than that in the scientific group （85.7% vs. 75.0%, P 〈 0. 05）. Conclusion Different type of teaching methods based on the type of student degree were feasi- ble and proper for graduate students in surgery, and the terminal object of our teaching should be focus on the resolution of clinical problems.