熔体微分静电纺制备聚乳酸纳米纤维

Preparation of polylactic acid nanofibers by melt differential electrospinning

采用自制的熔体微分静电纺丝设备，探究了硬脂酸对聚乳酸（PLA）熔体粘度的影响，并通过辅助气流进一步细化纤维直径。试验结果表明：硬脂酸可有效降低PLA熔体的粘度，并细化了纤维直径，确定了硬脂酸最佳添加量为6％。辅助气流流速的提高会增加喷头处泰勒锥的数目，进而降低纤维直径。在纺丝温度250℃，纺丝距离4．5cm，硬脂酸添加量6％，辅助气流流速25m／s的条件下，可以制备出平均直径为610nm的PLA纳米级纤维。

The effect of stearic acid on the viscosity of PLA melt is investigated by a self-made needleless melt differential electrospinning device, and the diameter of the fiber is further refined by auxiliary airflow. The results show that the melt viscosity of poly lactic acid could be reduced, fiber diameter refined effectively by adding stearic acid, and the optimum adding amount is 6%. The number of Taylor cone at the nozzle increases with the increase of auxiliary airflow velocity, thereby the diameter of the fiber is reduced. The PLA nanofibers with average diameter of 610 nm can be obtained under the conditions of spinning at 250℃ with distance of 4.5 cm, stearic acid addition amount of 6% and auxiliary airflow of 25 m/s.