北京市某社区6～36月龄婴幼儿辅食喂养情况调查研究

Investigation on feeding disorders among infants and toddlers in a community in Beijing

目的:了解北京市某社区6~36月龄婴幼儿辅食喂养困难的情况,为科学指导婴幼儿喂养和实施营养干预提供依据。方法:采用横断面调查方法,选取160例于2016年1月1日~12月31日在我院儿童保健门诊进行常规体检的6~36月龄婴幼儿,选用标化的《中国婴幼儿喂养困难评分量表》评价并分析喂养困难与婴幼儿体格发育水平的关系。结果:6~36月龄婴幼儿喂养困难发生率为30%。与北京市户籍和父母为主要喂养人的婴幼儿相比,流动儿童和祖父辈为主要喂养人的婴幼儿更容易发生喂养困难。1岁半~2岁年龄段喂养困难发生率较高。存在喂养困难的婴幼儿年龄别体重(WAZ)、年龄别身长/身高(LAZ/HAZ)和体质指数(BMI)均显著低于无喂养困难的婴幼儿(P<0.05)。结论:喂养困难不利于婴幼儿体格发育,本研究的喂养困难状况不容忽视。流动儿童和以祖父辈为主要喂养人的婴幼儿家长,应注意选取针对性的喂养措施。

Objective：To identify feeding disorders in infants and toddlers from 6 to 36 months in a community in Beijing,so as to provide scientific evidence for practical interventions.Methods：Using cross-sectional design,this study enrolled 160 cases of infants and toddlers with their caregivers from routine physical examinations during Jan 1 to Dec 31,2016.The standardized Chinese version of the Montreal Children Hospital Feeding Scale（MCH-FS）was used to evaluate the feeding disorders and the potential influencing factors.The relationship between feeding disorders and physical development was also analyzed.Results：The incidence of feeding problems was 30%.Compared with Beijing residents and participants whose major caregivers were parents,the incidences were higher in floating population and those caregivers as grandparents.The incidence peaked in 1.5-2 years old.The Z scores of weight-for-age（WAZ）,length-for-age/height-for-age（LAZ/HAZ）,and body mass index（BMI）were significantly lower in participants identified as feeding disordered than those not（P 〈0.05）.Conclusion：Feeding problems hindered the infants and toddlers＇ physical development,which could not be ignored by caregivers and medical staff.Scientific health education should be focused more on floating population and those children whose main caregivers were grandparents.The caregivers should select targeting measures to formulate feeding behaviors.