马克思唯物史观中“积极自由”的逻辑向度探析

A Probe into the Logical Dimension of the “Positive Freedom” in Marxist Historical Materialism

马克思唯物史中所蕴含的"自由"理论向度是在现实历史逻辑确立的前提下,对德国古典哲学"积极自由"思想的继承和发展。马克思在其唯物史观阐述中,将"自由"的逻辑向度不仅看作是其建构人类历史规律的"立法"原则,且将历史发展的"必然性"作为现实根据在自身建立起来,同时也构成了人类按照自己颁布的"历史法则"去完成自我解放的行动的历史前提。

Abstract： The ＂freedom＂ theoretical dimension contained in Marx＇s historical materialism inherits and develops the ＂positive freedom＂ thought of German classical philosophy on the premise of the establishment of realistic historical logic. In his exposition of the materialist conception of history, Marx not only regards the logical orientation of ＂freedom＂ as his ＂legislative＂ principle of constructing the law of human history, but also establishes it as a realistic basis for the ＂necessity＂ of historical development, constituting the historical preconditions for mankind to accomplish their self-liberation in accordance with the ＂law of history＂ promulgated by themselves. Keywords： Marxist historical materialism, positive freedom, freedom and necessity, man-made legislation