胰高血糖素在1型糖尿病治疗中的研究进展

Research progress of glucagon for the treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitus

葡萄糖在体内的平衡依赖于胰岛α细胞分泌的胰高血糖素以及β细胞分泌的胰岛素的精确调节.胰高血糖素在1型糖尿病患者中分泌异常,提示其在1型糖尿病的发生、发展中起重要的辅助作用.作为升糖激素,胰高血糖素用于治疗1型糖尿病患者的低血糖.此外,阻断胰高血糖素受体或抑制α细胞分泌胰高血糖素并以胰高血糖素为靶点研制临床药物已成为1型糖尿病治疗的热点.胰岛素联合胰高血糖素的“双激素治疗”成为治疗1型糖尿病的新方向.

The balance of glucose in the body depends on the precise regulation of glucagon secreted by pancreatic islet α cells and insulin secreted by β cells.The secretion of glucagon is abnormal in type 1 diabetes,suggesting that it plays an important auxiliary role in the occurrence and development of type 1 dia betes.As a hormone that raises blood glucose,glucagon is used to treat hypoglycemia in patients with type 1 diabetes.In addition,blocking the glucagon receptor or inhibiting the secretion of glucagon by α cells and taking glucagon as a target to develop clinical drugs have become the focus of the treatment of type 1 diabetes.Insulin combined with glucagon,the ＂double hormone therapy＂,now has become a new direction for the treatment of type 1 diabetes.