红花羟基黄色素A含量与花色相关性及其品种间的差异评价

Carthamus tinctorius L.: Evaluation on Correlations of Hydroxysafflor with Flower Color and the Difference Among Cultivars

探讨80个红花品种羟基黄色素A含量(HSYA)差异及其与花色的相关性,评价不同红花品种间的HSYA和花色的差别。以来源于不同产地的80份红花品种为试验材料,用高效液相色谱仪和Hunter Lab Easy Match?QC4.41型色差仪分析红花HSYA和花色差异。结果表明:不同基因型红花HSYA差异显著,变异幅度为0.05~14.99 mg/g,相差近288倍,平均为11.36 mg/g。在所有供试材料中,有43个红花品种的HSYA高于平均值。不同地理来源红花品种的HSYA差异较大,欧洲红花品种的HSYA高于亚洲和非洲;中国红花的HSYA高于土耳其、印度和肯尼亚等。视觉法将80份红花分为4个花色型,红色型红花HSYA高于橘色、黄色和白色型红花。白色、黄色、橘色和红色型红花的L分别为50.99、36.22、33.51和33.13,a分别为6.37、21.32、26.80和27.66,b分别为50.99、21.32、33.80和32.65。不同红花品种花色与L、a和b值呈显著正相关;黄色型和橘色型红花的HSYA与a值、色调值和色光值呈显著正相关;红色型红花HSYA与a值、b值和色光值呈显著正相关,表明a值越高,颜色越偏红,b值越高,颜色越偏橙。

The difference of hydroxysafflor in 80 safflower cultivars and its correlations with flower color wereinvestigated, to evaluate the difference of HSYA and flower color in different safflower cultivars. 80 safflowercultivars were used as the test materials, and HSYA and flower color were measured by high performanceliquid chromatography（HPLC） and Hunter Lab Easy Match QC4.41. The results showed that HSYA wassignificantly different among the 80 safflower cultivars, ranging from 0.05 to 14.99 mg/g, and the highest onewas about 288 times higher than that of the lowest, and the average value of HSYA was 11.36 mg/g and HSYA of 43 tested safflower cultivars was higher than the average value. HSYA was significantly different amongdifferent geographical origins, HSYA of Africa cultivars was higher than that of Asia and Europe cultivars;HSYA of China cultivars was higher than that of Turkey, India and Kenya cultivars. Four types of flower colorswere determined among the 80 safflower cultivars, the L value of red, orange, yellow and white cultivars was50.99, 36.22, 33.51 and 33.13, respectively, the a value was 6.37, 21.32, 26.80 and 27.66, respectively, andthe b value was 50.99, 21.32, 33.80 and 32.65, respectively. Significantly positive correlation was detectedbetween flower color and L, a and b value in different safflower cultivars; HSYA of orange and yellow cultivarswas significantly and positively correlated with a, hue and shade; HSYA of red cultivars was significantly andpositively correlated with a, b and shade, which indicated that the higher the a value, the redder the color, andthe higher the b value, the more orange the color.